A system of effective epidemiological surveillance over poliomyelitis and acute flaccid paralysis is currently functioning in the Khabarovsk region as well as their proficient laboratory control that guaranties maintenance of status of polio-free area. Efficiency of work concerning realization of target immunization levels and quality of epidemiological surveillance over poliomyelitis, acute flaccid paralysis and enterovirus infections was demonstrated. Rospotrebnadzor (Federal Service for surveillance on consumers rights protection and human wellbeing) and Ministry of Healthcare of the Khabarovsk region represent high readiness regarding dynamic response in the case of introduction and spread of wild poliomyelitis and epidemically significant enteroviruses. Measures concerning achievement of adequate levels of containment, according to WHO requirements, which ensure safe laboratory preservation of poliovirus strains, are provided in the Khabarovsk region.

Abundant spread of enteroviruses in the Russian Federation, divergence of regional incidence indices of enterovirus infection as well as formation of the disease breakouts determine importance of forecasting of the number of infected in the forthcoming epidemic season in epidemiological surveillance. The performed research anticipates increased trends of enterovirus incidence in 2019 epidemic season in nearly all constituent entities of the Far Eastern federal district (FEFD) as well as Siberian federal district (SFD). Moreover, the short-term prognosis indicates overall direction of epidemic process in a separate territory excluding risk factors. Timely organized epidemic prevention measures can prevent the anticipated deterioration of the epidemic situation.

Epidemiological situation concerning influenza and acute viral respiratory diseases in Republic Sakha (Yakutia) was analyzed during the 2015–2016, 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 epidemic seasons. The start of epidemic process of influenza and acute viral respiratory diseases seasonal incidence in Yakutsk city in 2015-2016 started simultaneously with elevation of incidence in the republic. During the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 epidemic seasons incidence initially grew in Yakutsk city, the population of Yakutia regions was involved with a delay of two weeks. During the epidemic 70% of Yakutsk city citizens were infected. Should be noted that in Yakutsk resides a third part of the region population. Dynamics of epidemic process in Yakutsk city was similar to the one in republic in general; however, there are some differences such as single-wave course during the 2015-2016 epidemic season, shorter epidemic elevation period and lower percent of pupils in incidence age structure in comparison to republican indices during all three observed seasons.

An interpretation of etiological data concerning two epidemic elevations of influenza incidence was conducted in the Khabarovsk region. Influenza and acute respiratory infection (ARI) incidence elevated gradually in the Ist and IInd quarter of the 2018 year. Еxceedance of epidemic threshold in regard with “control” in Khabarovsk city was registered only for two weeks. The etiology of breakout was conditioned by co-circulation of three influenza virus serotypes: A/H3N2/, B – Yamagata line and A/H1N1/pdm09. B and A/H3N2/ virus types were dominant. B influenza viruses comprised 66.1%, A/H3N2/ – 28.5%, A/H1N1/pdm09 – 5.4%. Comparison of the observed viruses circulation intensity in the Khabarovsk region and Russian Federation revealed lesser frequency detection of A/H1N1/pdm09 in the Khabarovsk region – by 5.8 times. At the same time, two other serotypes were circulating more extensively. During the first quarter of the 2019, the etiology of subsequent influenza incidence elevation was caused by dominating A/H1N1/pdm09 virus type (93.7%) when A/H3N2/ totaled 6.3%. Distinctive differences between the Khabarovsk region and Russian Federation indices were also revealed during the second elevation of influenza incidence. The A/H1N1/pdm09 exceeded average weekly incidence registered in the Russian Federation by 1,9 times when A/H3N2/ virus was registered sporadically and the region average weekly incidence was lower by 6.6 times. An analysis of clinical manifestations of the influenza was investigated as well as influenza viruses and other acute respiratory viral infection pathogens mixt-infection detection frequency. It is suggested to consider the differences in influenza etiology in constituent entities when constructing epidemic projections and organization of preventive measures against influenza.

Provided are the generalized data of long-term epizootological and sero-epidemiological research of hantavirus infection centers in the Vanisky and Sovetsko-Gavansky districts located on the oceanic coast of Khabarovsky Krai. Existence of dangerous, in terms of infection potential for humans, urban and natural hantavirus foci ecologically connected to Rattus Norvegicus and Apobemus Peninsulae respectively is documented. The first laboratory-confirmed case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Sovetsko-Gavansky district has been registered.

The results of specific laboratory diagnostics of tick-borne encephalitis and iscopic tick-borne borreliosis by an immunoferment method (ELISA) are presented. The dynamics of detection of specific immunoglobulins of classes M and G in blood samples of patients with the above-mentioned infections is shown. The possibility of detecting Borrelia miyamotoi DNA in the leukocyte fraction of the blood of patients hospitalized after tick suction with suspected tick-borne infections was evaluated. The effectiveness of the dynamic diagnosis of infections that occur after tick sucking has been confirmed.

Evolution of the HIV-infection epidemic remains a crucial healthcare issue in the Russian Federation. The cumulative number of HIV-positive people in the Far Eastern Federal District reached 27 327 in 2018. Should be noted that HIV-prevalence rates were slightly declining during the last three years of surveillance. The percent of HIV-positive people registered for outpatient treatment out of total number of people living with HIV totaled up to 76.9% in 2018. Coverage of the population with HIV screening tests reached 28.2%. The results of the epidemiologic analysis of HIV epidemic course in the Far Eastern Federal District are presented in the article.

Objective: to evaluate certain epidemiological aspects of HIV-associated tuberculosis in the Far Eastern federal district (FEFD).

Materials and methods: data of official annual statistical form № 61 “Record on HIV-infected population” as well as official inquiries from regional centers on prevention and combat against AIDS and infectious diseases of the Far Eastern region during 2006-2018 years were used in order to perform a retrospective epidemiological analysis.

Results: an intense epidemic situation concerning prevalence of HIV-associated tuberculosis was registered in the FEFD. An upward trend of HIV-associated tuberculosis prevalence (10.89%) was registered during the analyzed period of time. Percent of active tuberculosis in HIV-positive people in 2018 equaled 77.59±0.50%. A long-term dynamic analysis revealed a decreasing trend in the number of newly diagnosed tuberculosis in people living with HIV and its rate was relatively low – 1.19±0.07%.

Conclusion: the obtained results reflect a necessity of optimization of anti-epidemic measures concerning HIV-associated tuberculosis especially towards active screening of the tuberculosis process among HIV-positive people living in remote areas of the district.

The article presents results of the preliminary sociological research conducted during 2018 among social workers of the Khabarovsk region. The goal of the research was to evaluate the level of HIV/AIDS awareness and risks of exposure to HIV as well as levels of stigma towards people living with HIV.

The results of the survey helped to reveal a certain lack of knowledge of HIV/AIDS issue, which dictates a necessity of advanced training and adequate briefing of social workers concerning the issue on a regular basis.

The characteristic of the composition of nasopharyngeal microbiocenosis in children with diseases of the upper respiratory tract living in Irkutsk is given. The study included 55 children, who were divided into 2 comparison groups depending on age: group 1 – children aged from birth to 3 years (n=33), group 2 – 3-6 years (n=22). It is shown that the groups of the surveyed children, regardless of age, there is a high degree of contamination of S. pneumoniae (100%). And related pathogenic microbiota is characterised by emission at high titres S. aureus, groups of β-hemolytic streptococci, Candida spp., which may contribute to the progression of inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx. The frequency of registration of S. pneumoniae was significantly higher in autumn in two groups of patients – 36.4 and 31.8%, respectively. The data obtained indicate the nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococci in children under six years.

The research discusses the results of seroepidemiological survey of the Khabarovsk region population for the presence of antibodies to antigens of Echinococcus granulosus, Toxocara canis and Trichinella spiralis. The differences between seropositivity rates among population residing in different climatic zones were detected. A discordance between levels of registered and actual incidence of the investigated helminthiases was revealed.

The microecological characteristics of intestinal biocenosis in children with functional gastrointestinal disorders depending on the type of feeding are given. The objects of the study were children aged 36 months (n=241). It is shown that in infants, the colon microbiota was characterized by the registration of low rates of representatives of the opportunistic microbiota, which is probably due to the action of immune protection received from the mother. In children who are on mixed feeding, there are both quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the indigenous and opportunistic microbiota, which can subsequently lead to an aggravation of functional gastrointestinal disorders.

The research reveals main modern issues concerning health care-associated infections including etiology, formation of “hospital-associated” strains, mechanisms of drug resistance of hospital-associated ecovariants. Characteristics of infection foci, transmission rout and spreading factors as well as clinical manifestations of diseases were investigated.

Current literature review presents main data on abundance of different HIV genovariants according to molecular-epidemiological research conducted in world and in the Russian Federation. Modern HIV-infection epidemic distinctive features are frequent identification of new and recently unknown or rare genetic variants of HIV-1 such as subtypes C and D, HIV-1 recombinant forms (CRF 02_AG, CRF 63_02 A1, CRF 03_AB, CRF 01_AE, CRF06_cpx) in some regions of the Russian Federation (Kaliningrad, Siberia), Southeast Asian nations and Central Asian countries (Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and other) and Africa.