Etiological significance and molecular and genetic features of coagulase- negative staphylococcus in the structure of infectious processes causes

   Introduction. Currently, a significant number of infectious processes are caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, which is often associated with their resistance to antibiotics.

   Objective. Purpose of the study: analysis of the frequency of staphylococcus secretion in infections of different localization, determination of their species affiliation and identification of phenotypic and molecular genetic features.

   Materials and Methods. The species structure of 1151 bacterial pathogens of various localization in adult patients of medical organizations in Nizhny Novgorod was analyzed. To determine biological features, 330 clinical isolates of staphylococci were selected, including 123 strains of S. aureus and 207 coagulase-negative (CoNS). Species identification of staphylococci was performed using STAPHYtest 24 kits on an ErbaScan analyzer (Erba Mancheim). Antibiotic susceptibility phenotype was determined by the disco-diffusion method, minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics were
determined using SensiLatest Stafi kits. Detection of the mecA gene was carried out by PCR-RB, for the analysis of the strain resistome whole-genome sequencing on the DNBSEQ G-50 platform (BGI, China).

   Results. Discussion. Analysis of the species structure of infectious pathogens showed that all staphylococci accounted for 28.72 %, coagulase-negative strains accounted for 18.0 %, with S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus and S. hominis dominating. More than 80 % of the most frequently isolated staphylococci were characterized by phenotypic resistance to penicillin-type drugs, almost half of the isolates were resistant to aminoglycosides, rifampicin and trimethoprim/sulfomethoxazole. There are genes for resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulmomethoxazole in the CoNS genome. In the most frequently isolated CoNS species, an average of 63.1 % of strains had a methicillin resistant phenotype, in addition, genes for resistance to β -lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulfomethoxazole were found in the CoNS genome.

   Conclusion. The high level of antibiotic resistance and, consequently, the difficulty of eradication, place CoNS on the same level as S.aureus, and the species affiliation of coagulase-negative staphylococci is almost irrelevant.

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