ANALYSIS OF LONG-TERM INCIDENCE OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN THE AMUR OBLAST

Community-acquired pneumonia is one of the most common pathologies causing high morbidity and mortality among adults and children both in Russia and abroad. The objective of the research was to analyze the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the Amur oblast based on the long-term observation data (2011-2024) as well as to assess the development of the epidemic process in different time periods. Retrospective analysis included evaluation of data obtained from the state statistical forms. Comparison of community-acquired pneumonia incidence was carried out over two longterm periods: first period - long before the COVID-19 pandemic (2011 - 2016), second period - shortly before and after the COVID-19 pandemic (2017 - 2024, excluding 2020-2021). It has been established that for many years community-acquired pneumonia incidence in the Amur oblast remained consistently high, exceeding Russian indicators by an average of 43%. In the first observation period a pronounced decrease of incidence levels with an average annual rate of -10.8% was observed. The 2nd period showed a change from a downward trend to a pronounced upward trend when incidence rate rose with an annual average rate of 17.4% that indicates an unfavorable prognosis for further development of the epidemic situation in the Amur oblast. Such trend resulted from active involvement of children in the epidemic process – percent of child population in the morbidity structure reached 39.9±0.54%. Thus, a significant excess of community-acquired pneumonia incidence rates over all-Russian indicators as well as a clear upward tendency of morbidity among the child population of the Amur oblast indicate a necessity for further close examination of the factors contributing to the spread of the disease with subsequent development of personalized prevention strategies.

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