CHARACTERISTICS OF THE COURSE OF WHOOPING COUGH AT THE PRESENT STAGE

Whooping cough currently remains relevant, especially in young children and infants.The incidence of whooping cough in the Russian Federation has increased significantly in the period 2021-2023.At the same time, in terms of the increase in the incidence of whooping cough in children in 2023, Khabarovsk Krai took first place among other regions of the Russian Federation - the incidence of whooping cough in the region increased by 39.3 times compared to the previous year. We analyzed 132 cases of whooping cough in children hospitalized in the Regional State Healthcare Institution "Prof. A.K. Piotrovich Regional Children's Hospital" of the Ministry of Health of Khabarovsk Krai in 2023. Тhe age structure of hospitalized patients was dominated by children in their first year of life, accounting for 80.3% of the total number of those observed.Аmong hospitalized infants and young children, 63.4% were unvaccinated, and in the age group over 7 years old, only 36.4% were children vaccinated by age. The most common method used to verify whooping cough was PCR diagnostics (42.4% of cases).Bacteriological confirmation of the diagnosis was obtained in 6.8% of children, serological - in 1.7% of cases. The average duration of the catarrhal (initial) period in young children and infants was 7.0±0.09 days, in preschool and school-age children - 9.5±0.10 days, that is, the younger the child, the shorter the initial period of the disease. The highest frequency of attacks and their duration were observed in the age group of children under 1 year.The presence of higher rates of the number of coughing attacks, the number of reprises accompanying them, as well as apnea indicates a more severe course of the period of spasmodic cough in the age group under 1 year in comparison with other age groups of children. One of the complications of whooping cough is community-acquired pneumonia with varying degrees of damage, which was registered in 28.8% of patients.A severe form of the disease, which required observation of children in the intensive care unit of the hospital, was in 6 children (4.6%).The main reason for hospitalization of children in the intensive care unit was the development of pneumonia and respiratory failure of 1-3 degrees, prolonged apnea in patients with whooping cough.In 35.6% of infants and young patients, whooping cough occurred against the background of concomitant diseases.

1. Басов А.А., Высочанская С.О., Цвиркун О.В., Белова Т.Р., Адугюзелов С.Э., Жернов Ю.В., Яцковский К.А. Критерии оценки эпидемиологической ситуации по коклюшу в Российской Федерации // Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика – 2021- Т.20,№6. – С. 56–62.

2. Богвилене Я. А., Мартынова Г. П., Евреимова С. В. и др. Коклюш у детей: клинико-эпидемиологические особенности, возможности вакцинопрофилактики на современном этапе // Эпидемиология и Вакцинопрофилактика – 2024. –Т.23,№1. – С.4-13.

3. Государственный доклад «О состоянии санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения в Российской Федерации в 2023 году».URL: https://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru/documents/details.php?ELEMENT_ID=27779(дата обращения 15.05.2024).

4. Доклад «О состоянии санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения в Хабаровском крае в 2023 году». URL: https://27.rospotrebnadzor.ru/content/327/126009/ (дата обращения 02.06.2024).

5. Коклюш у детей: клинические рекомендации МЗ РФ.- М. - 2023.- 56 с.

6. Официальный сайт Федеральной службы государственной статистики. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/13721(дата обращения 02.06.2024).

7. Степенко А.В., Миндлина А.Я. Эпидемиологическая характеристика коклюша в Российской Федерации на современном этапе // Журнал инфектологии - 2020.- Т.12, №2. – С.142-150.

8. Е. Н. Хохлова, Н. А. Драчева, Т. В. Гришакова. Особенности коклюша в Курской области по данным инфекционного стационара //Детские инфекции – 2020. – Т.19, №1. – С.21-25.