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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">infectpataog</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Дальневосточный журнал инфекционной патологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Far Eastern Journal of Infectious Pathology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-2899</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУН Хабаровский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.62963/2073-2899-2026-52-14-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">infectpataog-576</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ВСПЫШЕЧНОЙ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ В НЕКОТОРЫХ СУБЪЕКТАХ ДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА В ПЕРИОД С 2021 ПО 2025 ГОДЫ, ВЫЗВАННОЙ НОРОВИРУСАМИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF OUTBREAKS CAUSED BY NOROVIRUS IN SEVERAL CONSTITUENT ENTITIES OF THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT DURING 2021–2025</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сапега</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sapega</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сапега Елена Юрьевна - кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель Дальневосточного регионального научно-методического центра по изучению энтеровирусных инфекций,</p><p>Хабаровск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khabarovsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evi.khv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бутакова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butakova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хабаровск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khabarovsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitseva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хабаровск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khabarovsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курганова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurganova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Blagoveshchensk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Троценко</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trotsenko</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хабаровск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khabarovsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН Хабаровский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FBUN Khabarovsk research institute of epidemiology and microbiology of the Federal service for surveillance on consumers rights protection and human wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Управление Роспотребнадзора по Хабаровскому краю</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Rospotrebnadzor office in the Khabarovsk krai</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Управление Роспотребнадзора по Амурской области</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Rospotrebnadzor office in the Amur oblast</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>52</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сапега Е.Ю., Бутакова Л.В., Зайцева Т.А., Курганова О.П., Троценко О.Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сапега Е.Ю., Бутакова Л.В., Зайцева Т.А., Курганова О.П., Троценко О.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sapega E.Y., Butakova L.V., Zaitseva T.A., Kurganova O.P., Trotsenko O.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://infectpataog.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/576">https://infectpataog.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/576</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Норовирусы вызывают острый гастроэнтерит преимущественно у детей до 5 лет и пожилых людей, часто являются причиной вспышечной заболеваемости в детских образовательных и медицинских учреждениях, лагерях летнего отдыха, круизных лайнерах. В современной классификации выделяют 10 геногрупп норовирусов, основными из них в последние годы выступают GII.4Sydney [P.16] и GII.17[P.17].</p><p>Цель настоящего исследования состоит в проведении молекулярно-генетического анализа генотипов норовирусов, вызвавших вспышечную заболеваемость в некоторых субъектах Дальневосточного федерального округа в период с 2021 по 2025 годы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Биологический материал от больных острой кишечной инфекцией с целью установления генотипа норовируса поступал из Хабаровского края, Амурской и Сахалинской областей. Для получения нуклеотидных последовательностей норовирусов и определения их генотипа использовали амплификацию специфичных участков генома с последующим секвенированием по Сэнгеру и филогенетическим анализом.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Молекулярно-генетическое расследование очагов острых кишечных инфекций позволило установить циркуляцию таких генотипов норовирусов, как GII.4Sydney [P.16], GII.17[P.17] и GII.7[P.7] – в Хабаровском крае, GII.7[P.7], GII.3[P.12] – в Амурской области и GII.2[P16] – в Сахалинской области. Выявлена смена основных генотипов норовирусов, вызывающих вспышечные очаги. Так, в 2021 году идентифицированы норовирусы GII.2[P16], GII.12[P16], GII.14[P7] и GIX.1[GII.P15], которые в последующие годы в очагах групповой заболеваемости нами не определялись. С 2022 года основными генотипами стали GII.4Sydney [P.16] и GII.17[P.17]. При филогенетическом анализе установлена циркуляция 5 вариантов норовируса генотипа GII.4 Sydney.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разнообразие циркулирующих генотипов норовирусов, высокая вероятность повторного распространения прежних штаммов с повышенной патогенностью свидетельствуют о необходимости постоянного надзора за норовирусной инфекцией с использованием молекулярно-генетических методов исследования. С учётом поражения желудочно-кишечного тракта у детей преимущественно дошкольного возраста особое внимание необходимо уделять случаям групповой заболеваемости в детских организованных коллективах.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Norovirus causes acute gastroenteritis, primarily in children aged under 5 years and among the elderly, and frequently causes outbreaks in educational and healthcare institutions, summer recreation camps, on cruise liners. The current classification of noroviruses distinguishes 10 genogroups. Among them GII.4Sydney [P.16] и GII.17[P.17] are prevailing in recent years.</p><p>Objective of the current research was to conduct molecular-genetic analysis of norovirus genotypes causing outbreaks in several constituent entities of the Far Eastern federal district during 2021-2025.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In order to establish norovirus genotypes, biological material was obtained from patients diagnosed with acute intestinal infections residing in the Khabarovsk krai, Amur oblast and Sakhalin oblast. Amplification of specific parts of genome and subsequent Sanger sequencing as well as phylogenetic analysis were performed to isolate norovirus nucleotide sequences and determine their genotype.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Molecular-genetic investigation of acute intestinal infections outbreaks allowed to establish circulation of the following norovirus subtypes: GII.4Sydney [P.16], GII.17[P.17] и GII.7[P.7] – in the Khabarovsk krai, GII.7[P.7], GII.3[P.12] – in the Amur oblast and GII.2[P16] – in the Sakhalin oblast. A shift in prevailing norovirus genotypes responsible for outbreaks was observed. GII.2[P16], GII.12[P16], GII.14[P7] и GIX.1[GII.P15] norovirus types were identified in 2021. GII.4Sydney [P.16] и GII.17[P.17] were dominant genotypes in 2022. Phylogenetic analysis showed 5 variants of GII.4 Sydney norovirus genotype.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The diversity of norovirus genotypes, high possibility of re-emergence of the former strains with higher pathogenicity, demonstrates the necessity for ongoing surveillance over norovirus infection with integration of molecular-genetic methods. Considering the damage caused to the gastrointestinal tract, which is mainly observed in children of preschool age, particular attention should be paid to outbreaks in organized groups of children.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вспышечная заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>норовирусы</kwd><kwd>норовирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>Дальневосточный федеральный округ</kwd><kwd>генотипы</kwd><kwd>филогенетический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>norovirus outbreaks</kwd><kwd>norovirus infection</kwd><kwd>Far Eastern federal district</kwd><kwd>genotypes</kwd><kwd>phylogenetic analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cannon JL, Lopman BA, Payne DC, Vinjé J. Birth Cohort Studies Assessing Norovirus Infection and Immunity in Young Children: A Review. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2019; 69(2):357-365. 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